mdadm
Introduction
This cheat sheet provides a quick reference for some common mdadm (Multiple Device Administrator) commands and concepts. mdadm is a command-line utility used to manage software RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) on Linux systems.
mdadm Concepts
Creating RAID Arrays
You can use mdadm to create RAID arrays.
Create a RAID 1 (mirrored) array:
mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdX1 /dev/sdX2Create a RAID 5 (striped with parity) array:
mdadm --create /dev/md1 --level=5 --raid-devices=3 /dev/sdX1 /dev/sdX2 /dev/sdX3
Managing RAID Arrays
mdadm allows you to manage RAID arrays, including starting, stopping, and monitoring them.
Start a RAID array:
mdadm --assemble /dev/md0Stop a RAID array:
mdadm --stop /dev/md0Monitor RAID array status:
mdadm --detail /dev/md0
Adding and Removing Drives
You can add or remove drives from a RAID array.
Add a drive to a RAID array:
mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdX3Remove a drive from a RAID array:
mdadm --remove /dev/md0 /dev/sdX3
Managing Failures
mdadm can handle drive failures and rebuild RAID arrays.
Mark a drive as failed:
mdadm --fail /dev/md0 /dev/sdX2Remove a failed drive from the array:
mdadm --remove /dev/md0 /dev/sdX2Replace a failed drive with a new one:
mdadm --replace /dev/md0 /dev/sdX2 /dev/sdX4
mdadm Command-Line
Create a RAID 1 (mirrored) array:
mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdX1 /dev/sdX2Start a RAID array:
mdadm --assemble /dev/md0Stop a RAID array:
mdadm --stop /dev/md0Monitor RAID array status:
mdadm --detail /dev/md0Add a drive to a RAID array:
mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdX3Remove a drive from a RAID array:
mdadm --remove /dev/md0 /dev/sdX3Mark a drive as failed:
mdadm --fail /dev/md0 /dev/sdX2Remove a failed drive from the array:
mdadm --remove /dev/md0 /dev/sdX2Replace a failed drive with a new one:
mdadm --replace /dev/md0 /dev/sdX2 /dev/sdX4
Conclusion
This cheat sheet covers some common mdadm (Multiple Device Administrator) commands and concepts. mdadm is a powerful tool for managing software RAID arrays on Linux systems, providing redundancy and fault tolerance for data storage; refer to the official mdadm documentation for more in-depth information and advanced usage.